#### 5.4.2.2. Normalized Laminate Stiffness and Compliance Matrices

The stiffness and compliance matrices can also be written in a normalized form where is the laminate thickness. The normalized stiffness matrices ABD * are:

- In-plane stiffness matrix:

- Coupling matrix:

- Flexural stiffness matrix:

- Out-of-plane shear matrix:

And the normalized compliance matrices abd * are:

- In-plane compliance matrix:

- Coupling matrix:

- Flexural compliance matrix: .

- Out-of-plane shear matrix:

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