Ŀ . 䥤 " ਡ ன" "᭮ ஢ ਡ஢" 㤥: 䮭 .. 㯯 1-61 㪮⥫: ⮢ .. ᪢ 1996 . 䥤 " ਡ ன" 2 N 8 ᮢ ஥ "᭮ ஢ ਡ஢" 㤥 _ 䮭 .. . 㯯 _1-61 㪮⥫ _ ⮢ .. ஥: 1. ஥஢ ॢᨢ 堭 ६饭 ࠡ⪨ 室 ⮪, ⠭樮- . ਠ N 2 ᪠ ᨫ F 室 ⮪, - 20 । ᪮ V ⮪, / - 0,02 ᨬ () 室 S ⮪ , - 80 ᮥ () ⮪, - 4 ᨬ쭮 ᪮७ 7a 0室 ⮪ /520 - 30 ⨬ 譮 ⮪, - 0,1 樥 魮 (⨬) - 1,2 ᪠ ⮥, ⠪ ⮥ ᯮ . ਢ, 믮 ⤥쭮 , ।ᬮ- ᯮᮡ 堭᪮ ९ 㥬 - ⠬ ( ४ ⠭) ⠪ ।ᬮ ⠭ ࠧꥬ 室 ਢ ⮢. ன⢥ ।ᬮ७ ࠭⥫ ।- 室 ⮪ 楢 ய४⥫, ᯥ- 稢騥 ⠭樮 ᨣ . ⥬ - 饭 ॣ㧮 ⮢ ।࠭- ⥫쭮 ⮩ - ⨯. ஫ ⥪饣 ⮪ । ᥣ 室 ந ⥭樮஢ , ࠭ଠ஢, ᥫᨭ, ஭ 㣨 ८ࠧ- ⥫, 롨ࠥ ᨬ ॡ 筮 - 稭 室 室 ⮪. ⥫ ॡ: . ਢ 樮, 孮 - , , ਢ ⥫ 樨. . ஥஢ ਩ ந⢠ ( - 筮, ਩, ᮢ ) - 㪠 ⠭. (।- ⥫쭮 - ਩ ந⢮). . 樨 ᯮ짮 ᮢ६ ⢥ - ਠ ⮬ 堭᪨ ࠪ⨪ 孮᪨ ᢮ ( ஢ ⠫, ᯫ, ⬠ ..), , ।ᬮ ணᨢ 孮᪨ ⮤ ⮢ ⠫. . ࠡ । ॠ樨 ன⢠ 堭 ਢ, ࠡ ਨ ⨬樨 ⮢ ਢ, ᭮ ࠧࠡ 奬 ᮣᮢ 㪮⥫ ஥஢. . ᯮ짮 ४ 䥤ன -5 ࠧࠡ⠭- 㤥⮬ ணࠬ ⮢ ⤥ ⮢ - 樨 . g 10 pic_1.pcx 450%,450% g 20 pic_2.pcx 300%,300% g 30 pic_3.pcx 4000%,4000% g 40 pic_4.pcx 300%,300% - 4 - Ŀ 21. ࠡ⪠ ਭ樯쭮 奬.0 裡 ⭮⥫쭮 让 ᪮ 室 ⮪ ਢ 楫ᮮࠧ ᯮ짮 ८ࠧ ⥫쭮 㯠⥫쭮 । -. ।- - ᯥ稢 祭 ᨫ - , ⠪ ᮪ 筮 ६饭 . ॣ㧮 ਢ ᯮ짮 ।࠭- ⥫ ਪ樮 . ஫ ⥪饣 ⮪ ந ⥭樮. ਢ ⥭樮 㣮 . 裡 ⥬, ࠡ稩 㣮 - ⥭樮 - 20 ⮢, 室 ⠭ - ⮢롨饥 ன⢮ ( .. 稭 㬬୮ 譮 - ⥫쭮 ࠡ祣 㣫 ). ஬ ⮣ ਢ ।ᬮ७ ࠭⥫ । 楢 ய४⥫. _᪠ 奬 ਢ:. 10 . 1 - 5 - Ŀ । - ਡ஥ ப ਬ - 稫 ࠯楨 १. । -, ᯮ㥬 ਢ, ਬ- ࠯楨쭠 १졠 ஬ 10 蠣 2 . ᮮ⢥⢨ 24737-81 ࠯楨쭠 १ ᪨ ࠧ, .2 : 20 d = 10 , d40 = 8,75 - 6 - Ŀ 22. .0 22.1 । । -.0 । । - 室 㣮 ꥬ १, ࠢ : 2 tg7 l0 =7 \\\\\\\\\\\0 = 0,0637 7p 70 8,75 7l0 = 3,64 ࠤ. । - 㤥 ࠢ : tg7 l0 7h40 =7 \\\\\\\\\\0 = 0,24 tg(7l0 + 7r0) 7r0 - 㣮 ७, ࠢ 11 ࠤ. 22.2 롮 த⥫.0 魮 த⥫ ந ᫥饩 - 㫥 : F4770V =7 \\\\\\\\0 (1) 7h0 - ॡ㥬 魮 த⥫ F40 - ᪠ ᨫ 室 ⮪ V - ᪮ 室 ⮪ 7h0 - ਢ, ࠢ : 7h0 = 7h4-7 7 h4।0 7h4-0 - । - 7h4।0 - । 207 70 0,02 =7 \\\\\\\\\ ~0 1,9 0,247 70 0,9 롨ࠥ த⥫ -52-03, 騩 ᫥騥 ࠪ- ⨪ : 殮 ⠭ U, - 277+03 쭠 魮 40, - 4,6 饭 n40,5 0/40 - 4500 ⥫ 40, 770 - 9,8 ᪮ ⥫ 40, 770 - 54 樨 I40, 770520 - 0,017 2 0 - 7 - Ŀ 2 3. ᪨ . 0 2 0 2 3.1 । । ⭮襭0 ᪮ । ᫥饣 ᮮ⭮襭: 1 7 _0 2 n /ᥪ 7_0 2n /ᥪ = V n = V/2 = 10 /ᥪ = 600 / ।筮 ⭮襭 ਢ i400 । 㫥 7p 70 n40 i400 =7 \\\\\\\\\0 (2) 30 770 V i400 = 23562 ।筮 ⭮襭 । । 㫥 i412 0 = n40 / n40 (3) i412 0 = 4500 / 600 = 7,5 ।筮 ⭮襭 । - । - 7p 70 n40 i4-0 = 7\\\\\\\\\0 (4) 30 770 V i4-0 = 3141,5 23.2 । ᫠ 㯥 ।.0 ᫮ 㯥 n । 室 樨 ਢ- 樨 । 㫥 n = C41770log(i400) (5) 祭 樥 410 롨 ᨬ ᪨ ࠬ஢ ( 410 = 2,5 ); n = 2,5770log(7.5) = 2,05 裡 室 ࠧ饭 ᫥ - ਪ樮 ।࠭⥫쭮 2ਭ ᫮ 㯥0 2ࠢ 1.0 23.3 祭 ᥫ 쥢 .0 ᫠ 쥢 । 㫥 (6) 室 ⮣, ७ ᯮ 쭮 ᫮ 쥢 Z4min0=17. Z40 = i4770Z4୨0 (6) Z40 = 7,5 770 17 = 128 - 8 - Ŀ 24. । ⮢0 2 ।. 0 40 । - (室 ।) । 㫥 F 40 =7 \\\\\\\0 4 0 (7) i4-77h4-0 7h4-0 - । -; i4-0 - ।筮 ⭮襭 । -; F - ᪠ ᨫ, ਫ । -; 20 40 =7 \\\\\\\\\\0 = 21,22 770 0,3 770 3141 ⨥᪨ 40, ਢ ⥫, । 㫥 40 40 =7 \\\0 (8) i77h0 7h0 - ।; i - ।筮 ⭮襭 ।; 21,22 40=7 \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\0 = 3,1 770 7,5 770 0,95 770 (0,98)520 ᪮ 4.0 । 㫥 F + 47 7 0 4.0 =7 \\\\\\\\\\\\\0 (9) i4-77h4-0 40 - ᮥ ; 70 - ᪮७ । -; 20 + 477030 4.0 =7 \\\\\\\\\\\0 = 148,5 770 0,3 770 3141 ᪮ , ਢ ⥫ । 㫥 4.0 4.0 =7 \\\\\\\\0 (10) i77h0 148,5 4.0 =7 \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\0 = 21,7 770 7,5 770 0,95 770 (0,98)520 ࠭ த⥫ 2室0 ᪮, ⠪ ᪮ ⠬ . - 9 - Ŀ 25. 롮 ਠ । ᪠0 2 殮 . 0 .. 㦭 ᪮ V 7~0 4 /, ୨ - ⮩ । 室 ਬ ஢ ⠫. ⮩ 楫ᮮࠧ ᯮ짮 ⠫ 40 ( 4543-71) HRC 45...50. 裡 ⥬, ᯮ ࠡ- । (HRC > 45),ᯥ稢 ࠧ ⢥म- ⥩ 쥢 ୨ ॡ. ᪠ 殮 ਠ ୨ - । 㫥 [7s0]4F0 = 7s4FR7 70 K4FC0 770 K4FL0 / S4FL0 (11) 7s4FR0 - । 뭮᫨ (550 ⠫ 40) K4FC0 - 樥, 뢠騩 横 㦥 (0,65 ॢᨢ ।) K4FL0 - 樥 筮 ( 7~01 ) S4F0 - 樥 (2,2 ଠ ᫮) [7s0]4F0 = 162,5 26. । ⮩ ।.0 m ⮩ । । 㫥 7|\\\\\\\\\\\\\0 7/0 7 M0 770 Y4F0 770 K m = K4m770 37/ \\\\\\\\\\\\\0 (12) 7?0 z 770 7f4m0 770 [7s0]4F0 K4m0 - 樥, אַ ( = 1,4 ) M - 騩 , 騩 Z - ᫮ 쥢 K - 樥 ⭮ 㧪 ( = 1,2 ) 7f4m0 - 樥 ਭ ⮣ ( = 8 ) Y4F0 - 樥 㡠 ( = 4,3 ) m = 0,23 , 裡 ⥬, ᫥- ।  । -, ஬ ⮣ 室 ࠧ ࠤ࠭⥫ ,ਭ 2m = 0,5 .0 - 10 - Ŀ 27. । ࠧ஢ 0 ⥫ । 㫥 d = m770z (13) 設 쥢 । 㫥 d4a0 = m770z + 2m770( h4a5*0 + x ) (14) । 㫥 d4f0 = m770z - 2m770( h4a5*0 + c5*0 - x ) (15) ਭ । 㫥 b420 =7 f4m770m (16) ਭ ୨ । 㫥 b410 = b420 + (1..2)770m (17) 5*0 - ࠤ , m 7,0 0,5 5*0= 0,5 ; h4a5*0= 1 Ŀ Ĵ d 8,5 64 d4a0 9,5 65 d4f0 7 62,5 b420 - 4 b410 5 - 28. ।.0 쭠 ᨫ, 楯 - 㫥 2770M40 F4t0 =7 \\\\\0 (18) d410 F4t0 = 4,64 = F4ry0 F4rx0 = F4ry0 770 tg 20 = 1,69 H ᥢ ᨫ, । - । 㫥 F40 = 40 770 i4 774 7h40 (19) F40 = 148 770 105-30 770 3141 770 0,24 = 140 = F4a0 - 11 - Ŀ 2 0 樨, 騥 , । ᫥騬 ᮮ- 襭ﬨ : 7 0 7S0M=0 : 7 0F4ry77047 = Y477074 ⭮⥫쭮 . 7 0 F4rx77047 = X477074 7 0 Y40 = 2,94 H X40 = 1,07 H 7S0F=0 : F4ry0 = Y4A0 + Y4B0 F4rx0 = X4A0 + X4B0 Y4A0 = 1,7 H X4A0 = 0,62 H 30 祭 ந, .. ⥫ ( 20 ), ࠢ⥫쭮 让 ( 74 ) - 12 - Ŀ 29. 訯 祭.0 訯 ந , ..  㦥. 쭠 ᨫ ࠢ : 7|\\\\\\\\\0 F4r0 = 7?0 X4B520 + Y4B520 = 3,55 H F4a0 = 140 H ᪮ 㧮ꥬ ந 㫥 P400 = X40770F4r0 + Y40770F4a0 (20), : X400 = 0,5 ; Y400 = 0,47 P400 = 54,76 H ᪠ 㧮ꥬ ࠢ : (400) = f770P400 = 65,71 H ᪮ 㧮ꥬ ந 㫥 P = (X770V770F4r0 + Y770F4a0)770K7s70K40 (21) V - 樥, 뢠騩 ஥ 頥 ( V=1 ) K40 - ⥬ 樥 ( = 1 ) K7s0 - 樥 ᭮ ( = 1,4 ) X = 0,46 ; Y = 1,81 P = 285,69 H ᪠ 㧮ꥬ । 㫥 437|\\\\\\\\\\\\0 ()40 =7 00,01770P 7?0 60 770 n 770 L4h0 (22) (C)4p0 = 2032,34 室 ᪮ ᪮ 㧮ꥬ, ⠪ ᪨ ࠧ஢ 롨ࠥ ࠤ쭮-㯮 來 訯- 㧪 ਨ 36203 ( 831-75), 騩 ᫥騥 ࠪ- ⨪: ᪠ 㧮ꥬ 400, - 6120 ᪠ 㧮ꥬ 40, - 9250 롮 ᠤ 訯 ந 773-77 778-77. 롨ࠥ ᠤ 訯 k6 , 7. 客 ᠤ 孮⥩ Ra = 1,25 . - 13 - Ŀ 210. 筮 ࠪ⨪ ਢ. 0 ⮤ ⮢ ᪮ 譮⥩ ᫥饩 : " ஬堭᪮ ਢ" ॢ ..,஢ ..,࣮ .. - 51-64 ; " - ஢ 堭 ਡ஢ ⥬" ..- 283-292. ⮩ ।, ਬ塞 ਢ, - 짮 7- ⥯ 筮 ( .. 㦭 ᪮ 楯- 7~0 4 / ), ᮯ殮 - G. 210.1 । ᪮ 譮. 0 쭮 祭 ᪮ 譮 ⮩ । । 㫥 41 0 4 1 0 410 F4i0min0 = 0,71770K4s770(F4i10 + F4i20) (23) 41 10 F4i10,F4i20 - ᪨ 譮 ୨ - , । 㫥 (24); K4s0 - 樥 䠧 樨 ( = 0,99 ) 410 F4i0 = F4p0 + f4f0 (24) F4p0 - 譮 蠣 ⮣ ; f4f0 - 譮 䨫 㡠; 410 410 F4i10 = 31 ; F4i20 = 44 410 F4i0min0 = 53 ᨬ쭮 祭 ᪮ 譮 ந- 㫥 417 ( 0 7|\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\0 7|\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\0 7)0 F4i0max0 = K770 7?0(F514i10)520 + (E4M10)520 +7 ?0(F514i20)520 + (E4M20)520 (25) 79 0 7 00 K - 樥 䠧 樨 ( = 0,98 ) E4M10, E4M20 - 譮 ⠦, । 㫥 7|\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\0 7/0 7( 0e4r770tg7 a )02 2 E4M 0= 7/ 07 \\\\\\\0 + ( e4a7 70 tg 7b0 ) (26) 7?0 79 0 cos7 b 00 e4r0, e4a0 - ⠦ ࠤ쭮 ᥢ ⮣ ; E4M10 = 8,4 ; E4M20 = 15,5 410 F4i0max0 = 77 譮 । । 㫥 410 7Df4i00 = 6,88770F4i00 / mz420 (27) 7Df4i00 = 8,28 7 ~0 2,47&0105-30 ࠤ । - 쭮 ᨬ쭮 祭 - - 14 - Ŀ ᪮ 譮 । 㫠 7df4min0 = 0,6277d0P (28) 7|\\\\\\\\\\\\\0 7df4max0 =7 ?0(7d0P)520 + (E4M0)520 (29) 7d0P - 譮 蠣 १ 7df4min0 = 6,2 ;7 df4max0 = 13 210.2 । ⮢ 譮.0 _ 㡠⮩ । :. 쭮 祭 ⢮ 室 । 㫥 j4n min0 j4t min0 =7 \\\\\\\\0 (30) cos7 a0 j4n min0 - 쭮 祭 ࠭஢ j4t min0 = 11,7 ᨬ쭮 祭 ⢮ 室 । 㫥 7|\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\0 j4t max0= 0,7(E4HS10 + E4HS20) +7 ?00,5(T4H1520+ T4H2520) + 2(f4a0)520+ 7D0p41520+ 7D0p42520 (31) E4HS10,4 0E4HS20 - 襥 ᬥ饭 室 T4H10, T4H20 - ᬥ饭 室 f4a0 - ⪫ ᥢ ﭨ 7D0p410,4 7D0p420 - ࠤ ୨ j4t max0 = 76,4 譮 ⢮ 室 । 㫥 7Df40 = 6,88770j4t0 / mz420 (32) 7Df40 = 8,21 7 ~0 2,37&0105-30 ࠤ _ । - :. 祭 ⢮ 室 । 㫥 7|\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\0 7d0C4max0 = b51770tg7 b0 +7 ?0[(b5110 - b510)770tg7 b0]520 + (b770tg 7b0)520 +7 D4a1520 + 7D4a2520 (33) b510, b5110 - । ⪫ । १ b - 孥 ⪫ । १ 7b0 - 㣮 䨫 १ ( 15 ࠤᮢ ࠯楨쭮 ) 7D4a10, 7D4a20 - ᥢ 饭 7d04max0 = 12,38 - 15 - Ŀ 210.3 । 饩 譮 ਢ.0 _᪠ 譮 ਢ :. 7Df4i07S0 =7 df4max0 +7 Df4i00 / i4-0 = 14,6 _譮 ⢮ 室 ਢ :. 7Df47S0 =7 d0C4max0 +7 Df40 / i4-0 = 13,1 _ 譮 ਢ :. 7DS0 =7 Df4i07S0 + 7Df47S0 = 27,7 ਢ 㤮⢮ ॡ 筮 ( ⨬ 譮 ⮪ 0,1 ). - 16 - Ŀ 211. ᪨ ࠪ⨪ ਢ.0 211.1. । ਢ 樨.0 ਢ 樨 ( ⥫ ) । 㫥 I40 = I40 + I4.0 + I40/i40520 (34) I40 - 樨 ⥫ ( 177&0105-60 770520 ) I4.0 - ਢ 樨 । I40 - 樨 㧪 ਢ 樨 । । - 㫥 I4.0 = I410 + I420/i4120 + m770(V/7w40)520 (35) I410 - 樨 ୨ I420 - 樨 ।࠭⥫쭮 m - ⮪ (। ꥬ,ࠢ 7p70r52770l, 㬭멳 ⭮ 7r4⠫0 = 7,855 0/4530 ) 樨 । 㬬 ⮢ 樨 - ᪨ ⥫, . 樨 - ᪮ ⥫ । 㫥 I =7 p70b77r70d54770105-120 / 32 (36) d - ⥫, b - ⮫騭, 7r0 - ⭮,5 0/4530 १ ᫥ ਢ 樨 稫 ࠢ- I40 = 1,517&0105-50 770520 211.2 । ६ ࠧ 롥. 0 ६ ࠧ ࠪਧ ⮢ ࠡ. ਭ, ६ ࠧ t4p0 = 377040 (7 w0 = 0,957 w40 ). ஬堭- ﭭ ਢ 뢠 㫥 40 = I477w40 / ( 4 0-4 04. 0) (37) 7w40 - 쭠 饭 ⥫ 40 - ᪮ ⥫ 4.0 - ᪨ , ਢ ⥫ 40 = 0,14 ᥪ ; t40 = 0,42 ᥪ ६ 롥 ⥫ । 㫥 t40 = I477w40 / 4.0 (38) t40 = 1,95 ᥪ - 17 - Ŀ 212. ।࠭⥫쭮 .0 ।࠭⥫쭠 ਪ樮 ।祭 - ॣ㧮. , ஬ ࠡ뢠 ।- ࠭⥫쭠 ࠢ : 40 = 4.7 70 n40 (39) 4.0 - (᪨ + ᪨) , ਫ- । - ; n40 - 樥 ( =1,2 ) ; 40 0 0 40 = 148,57 70 1,2 = 178,2 770 0㦭 ᨫ ⮬ 㤥 ࠢ : 0 40 0 0 F40 =7 \\\\\\\0 (40) 0 2770R40 0 R40 - । ࠤ ਪ樮 0 ப0 F40 = 178,2 / (2 770 26 )7 ~0 6 ਦ 㦨 ࠢ : = F40 / f (41) f - 樥 ७ ( = 0,3 ) = 6 / 0,37 ~0 18 _ 㦨 :. ਠ 㦨 - ⠫쭠 㦨 ஢, [7t0] = 500 , G = 8,17&010540 . 㦨 । ஢ ᯮ- ࠢ 筮, ८ࠧ 㤮 : 7|\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\0 d 7.0 7?0 8770P4max770c770K7t0/(7p70[7t0]) (42) C - 㦨, = D/d ( = 15,65) K7t0 - 樥 㢥祭 殮 ७ ஭ ⪠, 4C+2 K7t0 =7 \\\\0 (43) ( 7t0 = 1,084 ) 4C-3 d - ஢ ; D - । 㦨 ; ࠢ 筮 砥 d 7.0 1,3 쬥 ᫥騥 祭 ࠪ⨪ 㦨 : ஢ d, - 2,3 । 㦨 D, - 36 ᫮ ࠡ ⪮ 㦨 i - 4 - 18 - Ŀ ⪮ 㦨 । 㫥 : (ࠢ ⪮) G770d540 k =7 \\\\\\0 (44) , k = 1,9 8770D53770i 㦨 ᨬ쭮 ᦠ⮬ ﭨ ࠢ : H430 = (7x70i + i40)770d (45) , 430 = 16.6 7x0 - 樥, 뢠騩 ⪠ ᨬ쭮 ᦠ⮬ ﭨ ; i40 - ᫮ ⪮ ; 㦨 ᢮ ﭨ । : H400 = H430 +7 0P4max0 / K (46) , H400 = 28 㦨 ࠡ祬 ﭨ ࠢ : H410 = H400 - P4ࠡ0 / H410 = 18,6 㦨 । 㫥 (47) : t = d +7 0P4max0 / K770i (47) , t = 5,6 ஢ ࠧ⮩ 㦨 ࠢ : L =7 p70D770(i + i40) (48) , L = 622 2 13. ⥭樮. 0 ⢮ ⮢ । - 室 - 室 ⮪ () ࠢ : 80 / 2 = 40 ⮢. 롨ࠥ ⥭樮 --40, 騩 ᫥騥 ࠡ稥 ࠪ⨪ : 稩 㣮 : 20 ⮢ 殮 ⠭ : 27 7+0 0,1 B 砥 ⮩ । 0,5 . ।筮 ⭮- i = 40 / 20 = 2. ᫮ 쥢 ୨ Z410 = 30, Z420 = 60. ᪨ ࠬ ⮩ । ᫥騥 : Ŀ Ĵ d 15 30 d4a0 16 31 d4f0 13,5 28,5 b420 - 4 b410 5 - 譮 । - । 㭪 10; 譮 ⮩ ࠢ : 410 F4i0max0 = 70,4 ; j4t max0 = 76,4 7Df40 = 17,52 7 ~0 4,97&0105-30 ࠤ 7Df4i00 = 16,14 7 ~0 4,77&0105-30 ࠤ ᪠ 譮 ७ : 7Df4i07S0 = 14,9 ⮢ 譮 ७ : 7Df47S0 = 13,9 譮 ७ : 7D S0 = 28,8 = 0,028 < 0,1 - 19 - Ŀ 2 :0 1. ᥫ .., 몮 .., ५쥢 .., ᯮ- ⥫ ਠ ਡ஢. 祡 ᮡ ᮢ ஥஢ " ਡ - ன". - .:. , 1986, 38 . . 2. 異᪠ .., ᥫ .., ⮤᪨ 㪠 믮 譥 "஥஢ ।" " ਡ ன". - .: . , 1979, 32 . . 3. ॢ .., ஢ .., ࣮ .., - 堭᪮ ਢ, .1995, . , 132 . . 4. ⮢ .., ᥫ .., 몮 .., ⮤᪨ 㪠 ४஢ "᭮ ஢ ਡ஢", M.,1990, . , 34 . . 5. ⫠ 権 ⮢ ਡ ன / ।.饭 .. - .: 設஥, 1982, 116 . . 6. .. ࠢ筨 筮 ਡ஥ - .: 設஥, 1967. -743 .:. 7. ਡ ன. ᮢ ஥஢ / ।. 饭 .. - .: 誮, 1978, - 1 -304 ., - 2 -264 . 8. .., ਭ .. 롮 訯 祭 , .,1981, , 32 . 9. ⫠ 権 ⠫ 設 / ।.⮢ .., .: 設஥, 1992, -1 352 . 10. .. ஢ 堭 ਡ- ஢ ⥬ , -.: 誮, 1980, 454 . . 11. 襢 .. 塞, ⠭⨧ 孨᪨ ७, -.: 設஥, 1979, 344 . . - 20 - Ŀ 20 1. ࠡ⪠ ਭ樯쭮 奬................ 4 2. ................................ 6 2.1. । । -........ 6 2.2. 롮 த⥫..................... 6 3. ᪨ ......................... 7 3.1. । । ⭮襭......... 7 3.2. । ᫠ 㯥 ।....... 7 3.3. 祭 ᥫ 쥢 ............ 7 4. । ⮢ ......... 8 5. 롮 ਠ । ᪠ 殮- ............................... 9 6. । ⮩ ।........... 9 7. । ࠧ஢ ..................... 10 8. ................................... 10 9. 訯 祭..................... 12 10. 筮 ࠪ⨪ ਢ....... 13 10.1.। ᪮ 譮..... 13 10.2.। ⮢ 譮........... 14 10.3.। 饩 譮 ਢ...... 15 11. । ᪨ ࠪ⨪ ਢ 16 11.1.। ਢ 樨... 16 11.2.। ६ ࠧ 롥....... 16 12. ।࠭⥫쭮 ................ 17 13. ⥭樮.......................... 18 .................................... 19